Improving Operational Effectiveness and Customer Service

Improving operative Effectiveness and Customer ServiceCase Study Improving surgical procedureal legalness and customer service at Gant Logistics1.0 IntroductionNowadays, the term of logistics has twist a necessary word relate to the no(prenominal)mal life. M some(prenominal) logistics strain has developed rapidly. In this report, the Gant Logistic is the company which is buyout a railway line logistics blood line to make up of the current young backup. There is no disbelieve as a new business establish as the difficulties leave come out. The purpose of the report is to analyse what kind of problem that Gant Logistics confront up, what kind difficulties need to be overcome. The aim of this report is help the sign business become developed faster and improved the disadvantages. Further much than, the report pass on analyse the scope of the business.Overview of logistics study systems and technologies.2.1 Essential consumesLogistics prudence is very heavy for achiev e an in effect(p) and customer-oriented logistics service of a logistics company. It is a part of cede chain, it plans, implement and controls the efficient, effective forward and reverse flow and storage of favourables, services, materials and any information between the point of origin and the point of consumption in order to meet customer requirements. It contains materials charge, sensnel circumspection, and statistical distribution and tack on-chain instruction.Logistics automation is another feature of an efficient and customer-oriented logistics service. It is the application of computer softwargon, to improve the efficiency of logistics operations. The industrial machinery grass easily identify products by transmitted through radio frequency and is usually used in RFID tags, sometimes by bar code. The supply chain solicitude system enables the business to meet the brings of their customer more efficaciously and efficiently. It can helps companies to process orders much more quickly and effectively to ensure customer needs be addressed quickly. It is in like manner cater company lowers cost, improved collaboration, give cycle times, response to conflict.The Customer human relationship Management is very authorized to maintain customer-oriented logistics service because is support the effective focusing of customer relationships and lifecycle, from initial lead right through to afterward sales activity. Microsoft Dynamics CRM is in effect(p) to use in Gant Logistics Ltd. Because it turning Microsoft sentry into a single center that can organize customers data, offering familiarity, functionality and flexibleness in management of communications. It helps company increase efficient of customer service. utilise Enterprise Resource Planning systems is another essential feature of an efficient and customer-oriented logistics service. It integration across all business process, make business more efficient, faster and less error, enhanced p roductivity, increase boilersuit performance and tonicity reports and performance compend, it in like manner integrate with supplier and customer systems enhance amply visibility and efficiency across the business supply chain. Allow customers to line their parcels, delivery fast, customer service and delivery couriers attitude atomic number 18 also the essential features of an efficient and customer-oriented logistic service. Modeling and management of purpose making, track and tracing are include in the information system, which is very all-important(a) as well. It gives essential data and consolation in each measuring rod of the interaction among logistics services and the target station. A well-developed transportation system is also the essential features of an efficient logistics services. Without a good transportation system, logistics could not make its advantages and will decrease the efficient and customers. It also will cost a lot to the company.2.2 Main types of information systemsAs Gant Logistics Ltd is a new business, it is important and necessary to set up two key elements that help the business developed which are operational efficiency and customer orientation. Although the two elements has been organised, the business still need an efficient information system and technologies to organise. The term of information system is connect the relative information to support the business decision making and control in organisation (Management information systems 2015, Pxxi). The Gant Logistics business is decoct on logistics and transport, so supply chain management systems will be one of the information systems that improve the business more effectiveness. Another system to support merchandise place function is decision support system and enterprisingness resource planning system.Supply chain management system is the nimble management which maximise customer value and achieve a sustainable competitive advantage activities (Robert 20 11). The main function for supply chain management is transformation, movement and storage of goods and materials. For Gant Logistics the operational efficiency is the key element to commence business, during the process movement of the product has to be organised well, appropriate timing, educate goods quality and quantity, and organise quick delivery process is the components for operational efficiency. unsuccessfully and inappropriate communication would drag the business to failure. Therefore, by the bye communication and engine room-enabled visibility lead business to organise production correctly and modify the authorization problem.Logistics business3.0 Recommendations3.1 training systems and technologies3.1.1 Inventory management systemInventory management system is to scan chronicle items, for example, feature licenses and hardware components. Hardware components are installed in the routing platform, both of part and serial number. Feature licenses enable computer software package features to run on a routing platform. It is prudent for Gant to introduce inventory management software into its inventory management system. It will maintain a timely track of orders, inventory levels, shipments and other items. As for certain products, which might be sold together at most time, or are more popular in the foodstuff, it can be grouped by inventory management software and be placed together (Barbosa Musetti, 2010). Considering potential market and delivery destination, inventory management software placed all the products salutary the delivery area, in order to speed up daily operation of warehouse, which is beneficial for manufactures, distributors, wholesalers and retailers. Inventory management system will contribute to the optimisation of warehouse and distribution centers. Since Gant has a number of distribution centers in 11 locations and deliver various products much(prenominal) as fast-moving consumer goods and domestic appliance. It is difficult to come out the exact goods listed on the inventory order. Introduction of inventory management software will increase the efficiency of keeping and picking up of products. Inventory management software enables Gant to manage and automate track the receipts, adjustments, transfers and extraction counts in the warehouse.3.1.2 Third-party logisticsThird-party logistics refers to the supply chain including both its own suppliers and outsourced suppliers, to fulfill its overall objectives. It requires for an integrated operation both in entrepot and transportation services, which can be scaled and customized in accordance with the mutable market conditions, such as additional demands for goods and materials. Once there is an integration of procurement or production of goods, the company shall call the trey-party logistic providers for help (Helo Szekely, 2005). It is a fact operation in the overall supply management, including raw material provision, warehousing and transportation. Fuel cost is a major cost element for Gants business, with an annual fuel bill in excess of $60 million. It operates distribution centers in 11 locations across Australia and utilizes a fleet of 182 motortrucks. It is essential for Gant to dilute its fuel cost and increase its operational efficiency. Third-party logistics allows Gant to transfer its pressure to third party and enjoy a cost saving. There are 3 main types of third-party logistics providers, which are asset based, management based and integrated providers (Cheng Phillips, 2011). It is advisable for Gant to choose the third one, in order to maintain flexible operation, land capital commitment, save both cost and time.3.1.3 Customer-oriented modelUnlike causality strategic goals in logistic system, which emphasizes greatly on profitability and market plowshare, customer-oriented model gameyly value customer service in the wide-cut supply chain. The Quick reaction is the key to success of the custo mer-oriented model. Gant shall recognize customers changeable demand and react to it as soon as possible. Quick Response requires for a closer cooperation among all the participants in the supply chain, including manufacturers, deliverers, wholesalers, retail sellers, etc, so that the cost of customer service are able to be rock-bottom to the minimum. Gant shall gain the key information on customers demand in time and make the most of it in the supply chain. innovative logistic technologies shall be introduced to the logistic system, such as EDI (Hazen Byrd, 2012). Customer-oriented model are carried out through out the overall logistic processes. It requires for redesigning in manufacturing operations, good partner relations in negotiation, shorter periods in delivery, timely information share in communication, fast transport and TQM obligations. It is of great significance for Gant to set up customer-oriented model, for the basis that it helps the company to boost sales volum e and cut costs, which is good for all the participants in the supply chain.3.1.4 Drivers monitoring systemAll the trucks in Gant shall be equipped with console-mounted cameras. Cameras are able to track the number one woods eyes behavior, when they are driving. When drivers are found to nod-off, they will be alarmed through Bluetooth earpiece. With a customized sound or gentle vibration, drivers will be waked by this driver fatigue alarm. In addition to that, sensors shall be embedded in the truck seat, which are able to measure electrocardiography of drivers, known as cardiogram (Gruenwald, 2013). Sensors are able to measure drivers titty rate variability, so that judge the stability of drivers heart rate, from beat to beat. When drivers are tired or sleepy, their heart rate will slow down greatly, which will be notice by the sensor. This information will also start up driver fatigue alarms in the truck. It is necessary for Gant to introduce cameras and sensors in their logis tic system, for the reason that it is to resolve serious issue of driver fatigue. These technologies will enable Gant to draw out real-time monitoring on drivers sizeable and efficiency, as well as to eliminate the negative impact brought by driver fatigue as much as possible.3.2 Schedule for implementationTimeStrategyOperations1st yearInventory management systemInventory management softwareDrivers monitoring systemSensors, cameras, alarmssecond yearCustomer-oriented modelQuick response in all the processesthird yearThird party logisticsIntegrated providers4.0 ConclusionGant is a new company formed from the management buyout of a transport and logistics business. There are a couple of issues in its current operation, such as high fuel cost and low operation efficiency. Strategies shall be set up to deal with these issues, such as set up inventory management system and drivers monitoring system, introduce customer-oriented model and select third-party logistics providers. There is no doubt that a series of difficulties will be met during Gants suppuration in logistics system. It is necessary for Gant to keep a timely record and share information with its partners, in order to quick response to the changeable market condition.5.0 ReferencesBarbosa, D. Musetti, M. (2010), Logistics information systems adoption An empirical investigation in Brazil, industrial Management Data Systems, vol. 110, no. 6, pp 787-804.Cheng, L. Phillips, J. (2011), Geographic information system applications in supply chains, International Journal of Business Research, vol. 11, no. 5, pp 131-136.Gruenwald, H. (2013), Logistics software from a logistic management and management information systems (MIS) perspective, Information Management and Business Review, vol. 5, no. 12, pp 591-597.Hazen, B. Byrd, T. (2012), Toward creating competitive advantage with logistics information technology, International Journal of Physical Distribution Logistics Management, vol. 42, no. 1, pp 8-35.H elo, P. Szekely, B. (2005), Logistics information systems An analysis of software solutions for supply chain coordination, Industrial Management Data Systems, vol. 105, no. 1, pp 5-18.Management Information Systems, 2015, introduction to information systems, 1st end, Heather Gray,Issa, Grame, Indrit, Kelly,Brad and Hugh, viewed 28 May 2015, Vitalsouce bookshelf ebook database.Robert , H 2011, What is supply chain management? The Supply string Resource Cooperative, viewed 28 May 2015, http//scm.ncsu.edu/scm-articles/article/what-is-supply-chain-management.http//www.scs.org/pubs/jdms/vol2num2/Kustra-Ganapathy-pp71-86.pdf

Festivals and Holidays in Bolivia

Festivals and Holi solar twenty-four hourss in BoliviaA fiesta is an event, usu al angiotensin-converting enzyme and only(a)y and ordinarily staged by a topical anesthetic community, which centers on and celebrates some unique aspect of that community and the Festival. Among numerous religions, a feast is a set of jubilations in honour of paragon or matinee idols. A feast and a fiesta atomic number 18 historically interchangeable. However, the term feast has to a fault ente ruddy common secular parlance as a synonym for any large or elaborate meal. When utilise as in the pith of a fete, roughly frequently refers to a phantasmal fete kinda than a film or graphics fete.In the Christian liturgical calendar there atomic number 18 2 principal feasts, properly cognise as the Feast of the Nativity of our passe- give focusout (Christmas) and the Feast of the Resurrection, (Easter). In the Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, and Angli apprise liturgical calendars there ar a b road number of lesser feasts end-to-end the year mark saints, sacred events, doctrines, etc.For a list of festivals in the USA, please nonice List of festivals in the fall in States.BoliviaThe annual tradition of Alasitas involves dealing fine replicas of the things you want the coming year, and put outing them to the Ekeko, who carries them (literally, the things be supposed to be gift or somehow attached to him) during the year.In Bolivia, Ekeko is a character associated with teemingness and prosperity, and he is the central figure in the Festival of Alasitas. This event is base in the city of La Paz, solely eject besides be seen in former(a) cities of Bolivia. Juan Apaza writes somewhat some of the scenes from Alasitas in El low-pitched Hoy es.AlasitasAlasitas is a 3-week long fair that, in La Paz, takes value beginning on the 24th of January and in Santa Cruz takes rump in September. Everything is in miniature This festival originally took throw in in Septembe r throughout the state of matter when its spring time in Bolivia and farmers prayed for a trustworthy preen so their harvest would be bountiful. Alasitas is an Aymara festival Bolivia celebrates in reverence of the endemical god of bounty or abundance called the Ekkekko. at that placefore, Alasitas has been called the Festival of Abundance. It takes place at the Parque Urbano in La Paz and the 5th Ring between Tres Pasos al Frente and Cumavi in Santa Cruz. As it grows each year, its location is sometimes go.Tradition that has spread to other startles of Bolivia as immigrants move nigh however, in the Andean regions of the country the date was switched to January to commemorate an natural uprising that took place in 1781, allow by Tupac Katari.The Aymara flummox a god called the Ekkekko (meaning mid grab or dwarf). Hes the god of abundance. They purchase a statue of the Ekkekko which usually has a poncho do of aguayo fabric. The aguayo is the colorful handloomed lambswool or alpaca wool fabric that Aymara women use to carry produce or their children on their backs.During Alasitas, which takes place just prior to Carnaval, everything you can possibly calculate of is sold in miniature. You can stupefy miniature houses, cars, grocery w behousing products, university diplomas, elfin tools and kitchen utensils, clothing, even straitss and visas.The Aymara purchase in miniature everything they hope the Ekkekko result grant them during the coming year. They past pin these things to his poncho and leave them there as a sort of altar in their homes throughout the year, in the hopes that he will help them acquire these things during that time.When they for the first time pin the miniature things to his poncho they put a cigarrette in his tattle and light it. They then pray to him as he smokes. some(prenominal)times they drink alcohol and toss him a little drop or drop some onto the floor in earlier of the Ekkekko before drinking from the glass them selves. This, Im told, is because you must always give to the acres before taking for yourself.Alasitas is a prominent place to visit as a tourist. Its incredibly interesting. But because it has also be flummox very touristic, you can flat purchase just closely anything you want at Alasitas in the form of handcrafts and art pieces for tourists. In fact, it has baffle so general that artisans come all the way from Peru, Chile, Argentina, Ecuador, Colombia, Brazil and other places to sell their handcrafts too.You can also find things that are not in miniature wish great ceramics and leather goods. Definitely visit this month-long fair if youre in La Paz in February or in Santa Cruz in September.You can sample all kinds of great baked goods and dried fruits. I suggest trying the anticuchos. Anticuchos are like shish-kabobs. Theyre little pieces of meat and potatoes stuck on to a thin metal set out and roasted on an open grill. Prior to handing the anticucho to you, the griller will slather a spicy sauce over it. The sauce is absolutely delicious and is made from peanuts and hot peppers. (Oh And did I mention the meat is beef heart? Yum.)Alasitas has snuff it one of the best and largest venues for people to sell their goods and handcrafts each year. They sell so wellspring that theyve completely broken with tradition and now sell all kinds of things just for tourists. In addition, what used to be a 10-day fair has been blanket(a) to 30 days and they now move to Santa Cruz every year in September and stay a whole month there too. Its rather amusing, really, since most of the people who sell at Alasitas claim to be staunchly anti- outstandingist.During the Alasitas Fair devotees subvert miniatures of items they would like to own and offer them to Ekeko, the idol of Plenty, objet dart the Virgin of La Paz is also honoured.Alasitas is Bolivias festival of small wishes, yearly held in different towns at different times. The largest fair is held yearly i n the capital of La Paz, on January 24, when Bolivians spoil miniatures representing the material goods they aspire to own and offer them to Ekeko, the paragon of Abundance.The History of the Festival of Alasitas in BoliviaThere is not one conclusive theory about how and where the festival started. In the Aymar language, alasitas agent buy from me and in pre-colonial times Alasitas was notable in September Bolivian springtime, to ensure a good crop.It is said that the Spanish changed the date to January 24 in memorial of an indigenous uprising in 1781 the siege of La Paz by Tupac Katari. During the resolution the Spanish tried to force Catholicism on the indigenous people. They partly succeeded, many Bolivians became Catholics, save in fact the Bolivian religion became a mix of Catholicism and handed-down Andean beliefs and rituals.Ads by GoogleHaving Doubts About the LDS church service? Mentoring by former Mormons www.irr.orgYou Can Make a Difference God wants to work th rough you. Transformation soul winning helps harvestevan.org/ containstore.htmlWho Celebrates the Alasitas Fair?Alasitas has become a potpourri where Catholicism is mixed with centuries-old Andes traditions. The main divinity is Ekeko, alone Catholic priests give their blessing to the newly acquired miniature goods as well, sea discussion of honor simultaneously the Virgin of La Paz is honoured. Whereas the Franciscans focalize on the Virgin, the yatiris the topical anesthetic wizards focus on Ekeko the average Bolivian cares about both.Alasitas is a festival for everybody and celebrated by Bolivians from all levels of society. It is celebrated by the inhabitants of liquidations, cities and countryside, by the highlanders and the lowlanders, by the indigenous and the criollos, as well as by western orientated entrepreneurs.Who is Ekeko, Bolivias God of Plenty?Ekeko dwarf in Aymar is the household god and it is not unusual for Bolivians to consecrate a representation of thi s short and chubby, clever-looking fellow in their home. To ensure good luck the statue should be received as a gift and not be personally bought. Ekeko brings wealth into the family and keeps misfortune at bay.To obtain the spare of fortune, Bolivians like to present Ekeko with miniatures mostly made of a sugary ticker of products they would like to own. These can be a house, a car, furniture, clothes, an airplane further also food. A miniature passport may be bought if one has the wish to travel, a university diploma in case one wants to drive or when graduation is near.Read onLa Paz, Bolivia Forms of Public expatThe Archaeological Museum in La Paz, BoliviaThree Good Reasons to Travel to La Paz, BoliviaPerfectly copied miniature dollar and euro notes are favoured over local bolivianos in case one wants wealth. Ekeko loves smoking, his statue has a special hole in the mouth to offer him a cigarette.Where in La Paz is La feast de las Alasitas illustrious?Calle Sagrnaga is the commercial centre of the indigenous handicraft of miniatures. This is the heart of the tourist centre where thousands of tourists stroll down the alleys in search of souvenirs and to admire the local curiosities of miniatures and other products that bring good fortune.The Bolivians especially come for the latter during Alasitas, and the streets are crammed with locals who need to buy their miniatures replicas in time the blessings will take place around noon and they should be prepared by then.The location of the ritual of blessings may change yearly. It is best to ask at a holidaymaker Information, or another tourist location such as a hotel, restaurant or museum where the main activities will be held.The Alasitas Festival in La Paz, BoliviaAlasitas is one of La Paz all-important(prenominal) festivals. On January 24 Bolivians buy miniatures of products they would like to own and offer them to their God of Abundance, Ekeko. This festival gives tourists an insight into the t ypic Bolivian mixture of Catholicism and local beliefs.Holidays and Festivals in BoliviaAlasitasThis is a colourful, happy event tinged with poignancy. At the end of January the streets in the centre of La Paz have with people from the city and the countryside, many of them in traditional dress, eagerly get finely-crafted miniatures from street stalls and vendors. The figures represent material goods that the people aspire to own. It faculty be a tiny automobile or a bag of cement to represent a new home. A miniature passport or postage stamp might secure a aspiration of travel and tiny banknotes might bring wealth. One of the most popular figurine is Ekeko, The God of Abundance, a popular, generous and all encompassing divinity. At the end of frenzied buying and selling there is a rising slope to visit the Yatiri, a wizard who blesses all the objects.Virgen de la CandelariaThe festival of the Virgen de la Candelaria, in many images, is celebrated on February 2 in assorted Hi spanic Catholic countries, including Peru, Bolivia, Chile, Venezuela and Uruguay.The celebrations in Peru and Bolivia are centered around Lake Titicaca, in Puno and the small village of Copacabana. In Bolivia, the Virgen is also known as the sick Virgin of the Lake, and the athletic supporteress Of Bolivia. She is revered for a serial publication of miracles, recounted in Nuestra Seora de Copacabana and has another festival on August 5. Normally, Copacabana is a quiet, rural village with fishing and agri last the mainstays. However, the week before and the day of the fiesta, the village changes.There are parades, colorful costumes, practice of medicine and a lot of drinking and celebrating. invigorated vehicles are brought in from all over Bolivia to be blessed with beer. nation gather for days ahead to pray and to celebrate in a mixture of Catholic and native religions. Bolivian celebrants believe the Virgen prefers to stay inwardly the Basilica erected in her honor. When tak en outside, there is a risk of squeeze or other calamity.Carnaval de Oruro and Diablada FestivalSay Carnaval and what images come to mind? fantastically and scantily garbed dancers, pounding samba rhythms, parades, incessant revelry? Carnaval de Oruro, Bolivia?In Bolivia, Oruro, Santa Cruz, Tarija and La Paz hold carnavals but the carnaval in Oruro,is the most famous. It takes place for the 8 days preceeding Ash Wednesday. Unlike carnaval in Rio where the escolas de samba choose a new theme each year, carnaval in Oruro always begins with the diablada or lecture dance. The diablada is a centuries-old ritual surviving unchanged from colonial days.Next are hundreds of devils in monstrous costumes. The heavy masks have horns bulging eyes fangs long hair and in contrast to the frightening masks the devils wear sparkling breastplates silk embroidered shawls and comfortable spurs. Between the devils groups of dancers get dressed as monkeys pumas and insects caper to the music from bra ss bands, or pipers or drummers. The noise is loud and frenzied.Out of the devil dancers comes China Supay, the Devils wife, who dances a seductive dance to entice the Archangel Michael. Around her dance the members of local workers unions, each carrying a small symbol of their union such as pickaxes or shovels. Dancers dressed as Incas with condor headdresses and suns and moons on their chests dance along with dancers dressed as the black slaves imported by the Spaniards to work in the silver mines.Family members led by the matriarchs in yellow dresses appear in influence first the husbands dressed in red, beside come the daughters in green, catched by the sons in blue. The families dance their way to the football stadium where the next part of the celebrations takes place.Two plays begun, as medieval mystery plays, are enacted. The first portrays the triumph by the Spanish conquistadores. The number is the triumph of the Archangel Michael as he defeats the devils and the Sev en Deadly Sins with his flaming sword. The results of the combat are announced the Patron Saint of the Miners the Virgen del Socavon and the dancers sing a Quecha hymn.Although the references to the Spanish conquest and the downtrodden state of the Bolivian peasants are very clear, this festival is based on the pre-Colonial ceremony of large thanks to the earth-mother Pachamama. It commemorates the struggles of good and evil and the early Catholic priests allowed it to continue with a Christian overlay in an effort to pacify the local natives.The celebration of carnaval continues for days as the diablada dancers break into smaller groups and continue move around huge bonfires. Onlookers join the procession at any point and with the expenditure of strong Bolivian beer and the very potent chicha made from fermented cereals and lemon yellow they get rowdy. Many sleep in doorways or where they fall until they put forward and continue celebrating. If you plan to be in Oruro or any of the towns celebrating carnaval, follow the basic safety precautionsDress comfortablyAllow yourself time to get acclimated to the altitudeWatch what you drink chicha hangovers are awful cash in ones chips your valuables behindCarnaval de Santa CruzRefleja el espritu alegre del pueblo cruceo. Comienza un mes antes con las fiestas precarnavalerasen las que participan todas las comparsas juveniles encabezadas por su Reina. Una semana antes del carnaval se lleva a cabo el minicorso en el cual se realiza la proclamacin de la soberana anual del Carnaval .A partir del atardecer del sbado y hasta el amanecer del domingo de carnaval tiene lugar el deslumbrante Corso en el que saltanalrededor de three hundred comparsas. Las mismas recorren las calles de la ciudad al ritmo de bandas y tamborita. En el recorrido el visitante podr admirar un marco desbordante de lujo y colorido en hermosas fantasas, impresionantes carros alegricos que transportan a las reinas, tambin percibir el intento por rescatar los motivos regionales y el respeto al medio ambiente.El espectculo adquiere su mxima fastuosidad cuando ingresa la reina del carnaval cruceo con toda su corte constituida por los integrantes de la comparsa coronadora.En estas fiestas la mujer es la principal protagonista pues, al estar completamente disfrazada, hace de las suyas escogiendo pareja, coqueteando e invitando a bailar a los varones que asisten a dichas fiestas. El pblico podr apreciar que la entrada de los grupos est dividida en tres bloques folklricos regional, nacional e internacional.Tambin participan de esta fiesta conjuntos tpicos, entre los que destacan los de la Chiquitana que entran acompaados de tamboristas al son de chovenas (ritmo oriental).El frenes continua el domingo, lunes y martes , das en que la poblacin baila y se divierte en las calles cntricas de la ciudad jugando con agua, pintura y espumas, viviendo momentos de total alegra.Pujllay or Phujllay in Tarabuco, SucreThe Pujllay or bet on begin s with a Catholic mass in Quechua language it stops then to continue with the party and the rejoicing for the victory of the Battle of Jumbata in a parade of nonpareil coloring, the peasants move to the place where the Pucara is and they dance in circles to its purlieu to the they are of the Tokoros, Pinquillos, Spurs, Bells and Drummers.The Pucara that consists on a support or stairway cover with great variety of agricultural products, besides drinks, breads and others taken place by the peasants of the region.Labor daytime or may sidereal dayIf you are traveling in Latin the States on the first day of May, you can expect to find banks, government offices, stores, post offices and businesses closed for the day as people celebrate the Da Internacional Del Trabajo with parades, demonstrations and other symbols of solidarity with the worker.Bolivia celebrated Da Internacional del Trabajo for the first time on May 1, 1936. twenty-four hours of the Worker, or May daytime, had alr eady been established in Europe, and would shortly sweep across the Latin the Statesn countries.The communist and collectivized countries embraced the day, and over time, May Day became associated with those political systems in many non-English oration countries.In Paris in 1889 the International Working Mens Association (the First International) declared May foremost an international working class holiday in commemoration of the Haymarket Martyrs. The red flag became the symbol of the blood of working class martyrs in their battle for workers rights.The Origins And Traditions Of MaydayWho were the Haymarket Martyrs? They are all but ignored in the tarradiddle of the United States, who moved the May Day labor celebrations to September. May Day what happened to the fundamental workersholiday? The first Monday in September is now the Labor Day holiday, but it has very little to do with the reason for a working mans holiday. This history is detailed in May Day the Real Labor Da y. tenacious before May Day, The WorkersDay, born in the struggle for the eight-hour day came to be, the first of May was a traditional day of feasting, celebrating spring, fertility, romance and to a greater extent.The Pagan Origins of May Day asks Why did the Labour Movement choose May Day as International Labour Day? Its more(prenominal) that May Day chose the Labour Movement. Unlike Easter, Whitsun or Christmas, May Day is the one festival of the year for which there is no significant church service. Because of this it has always been a strong secular festival, curiously among working people who in prior centuries would take the day off to celebrate it as a holiday, often clandestinely without the support of their employer. It was a popular custom, in the proper sense of the word a peoples day so it was naturally identified with the Labour and socialist movements and by the twentieth century it was firmly rooted as part of the socialist calendar.So now you know why everythi ng shuts down on May 1. Its a good idea to play it safe that day and stay away from parades and rallies that might prove explosive.Gran PoderThe merging of pre-Columbian religions and the Roman Catholic faith created a number of religious observations, including the Fiesta del Gran Poder celebrated primarily in La Paz, Bolivia. The event began in the late 1930s with a small number of dancers and is today a huge event.The festival centers around the devotion to Christ as the second person in the Holy Trinity based on an unidentified painting of the Trinity dating from the early XVII century. The three entities were pied withIndian or mestizo features. Though the Catholic church had forbidden gentleman representations of the Holy Trinity, a young novice styled Genoveva Carrin took it with her when she entered the Monasterio de la Pursima Concepcin. When the religious order downsized, the painting found its way into different lay hands, in the long run ending up with Plcido Lpez w ho lived in the barrio Chijini in la Paz.A small chapel was built to honor the Holy Trinity and then Bishop Augsto Scheifert direct two not-quite-expert artists to paint over the two side figures. They did so, but one, wanting to retouch the eyes, came back one night. When the remaining figure moved its head, the artist fled, but many favors or miracles were attributed to the Christ figure. Devotion grew and in 1939 the chapel was formally named Iglesia Parroquial del Gran Poder.In the years since, the festival of El Gran Poder has grown into an international celebration. Parades and processions with the dark figure of the Christ (see photo), music and costumed dancers honoring cultural and ethnic backgrounds. Of these, La Morenada is the most famous.Held p.a. at the beginning of June, the Fiesta del Gran Poder is La Pazs biggest street party. rich amount of local beers and food are consumed. Visitors wanting a place to stay during the celebrations make advance reservations.capital of Ohio DayOctober 12 (or the near Monday to it) is traditionally celebrated throughout the the Statess as the day Christopher capital of Ohio arrived in 1492.In English speaking countries, the day is celebrated as Columbus Day or Native American Day. In Spanish speaking countries and communities, is is known as Da de la Raza, the Day of the Race.Da de la Raza is the celebration of the Hispanic heritage of Latin America and brings into it all the ethnic and cultural influences making it distinctive.It is celebrated on October 12 in Argentina, Chile, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Honduras, Mexico, Uruguay and Venezuela, Not anymore in Bolivia, because the strong feelings about the real situation of native americans on Spaniards Rule.A few historical facts behind the holidayCristbal Coln, born Cristoforo Colombo, following the newly judge theory that the world was round and not flat, sailed west from Spain to find a new route to China or the East Indies. He valued also to prove his calcula tions of the earths circumference.He was off on his calculations and he didnt find a new spice route. Instead, on October 12, 1492, he and his small run of three ships, the Nia, the Pinta and the Santa Maria, landed on one of the islands now known as the Bahamas. The exact island is a matter of debate and conjecture, but from there, he went on to Cuba and Hispaniola, now the Dominican Republic and Haiti, and went back to Spain to recount his adventures.With over-embellished approval and funding, he set forth in 1493 with a excrete of 17 ships and retraced his earlier voyage. This time he explored Puerto Rico and the Leeward Islands, founded a colony on Hispaniola. He did not find any spices, nor specious in great quantities, but returned again to Spain. He made his one-third journey to the New World in 1498, where he explored the coast of Venezuela and was horrific by the sweet water of the Orinoco where it flowed into the Atlantic.For his efforts, Columbus was made admiral an d regulator General of the new colonies until he was sent back to Spain in degrade in 1500. He overcame that humiliation sufficiently to make a tail and final voyage in 1502, landing in Costa Rica. When he died in 1506, Columbus was dis honor and all but forgotten. Whether he should be celebrated as the man who opened Central and South America to exploration and colonization, or excoriated for the same thing is a continuing debate.Christopher Columbus and Columbus Day are reviled in places because he is blamed for carry the evils of slavery, the encomienda system and the diseases of Europe to Latin America. He was avaricious, cruel and paved the way for the conquista.Now, 500 plus years later, we recall his deeds and celebrate not Columbus the man, but the actions and influences of all the people who came after him, who melded their European culture with the indigenous cultures and, with difficulty, blood and years of battle, misunderstandings and treachery, have created the mult i-cultural, multi-ethnic society we now celebrate with the Da de la Raza.Note It was up to others to name the places where he had landed or to discover the route to China. Amerigo Vespucci named Venezuela afer his native Venice, and Vasco da Gama sailed round the Cape of Good Hope and the Indian Ocean to the farther East, opening the Spice Route for Portugal.All Saints DayNovember 1 is celebrated throughout the Catholic world as Da de Todos Santos, or All Saints Day, to honor all the saints, known and unknown, of the Catholic faithful. Every day of the year has its own saint or saints, but there are more saints than calendar days, and this one major holy day honors them all, including those who had died in a state of grace but had not been canonized. And, to keep things fair, November 2 is celebrated as the Day of All Souls.Da de Todos Santosis also known as Da de los Muertos, or Day of the Dead. equivalent many other Catholic celebrations, in the New World it was grafted onto an imated indigenous festivities to meld the newCatholicism with the oldpagan beliefs.In countries where the Europeans eventually reduced the indigenous populations, by one means or another, the celebrations gradually lost their native meaning and became more of a traditional Catholic event.In Latin American countries where the indigenous culture is still strong, such as in Guatemala and Mexico in Central America, and in Bolivia in South America, Da de Todos Santosis an important meld of many influences.In Central America, the dead are honored by visits to the their gravesites, often with food, flowers and all family members. In Bolivia, the dead are pass judgment to return to their homes and villages.The Andean emphasis is agricultural, since November 1 is in spring confederation of the Equator. It is the time of returning rains and the reflowering of the earth. The souls of the dead also return to reaffirm life.During this time, the doors are opened to guests, who enter with clean hands and share in the traditional dishes, particularly the favorites of the deceased. Tables are bedecked with bread figurines called tantawawas, sugarcane, chicha, candies and decorated pastries.At the cemeteries, the souls are greeted with more food, music, and prayers. Rather than a sad occasion, the Da de Todos Santos is a ecstatic event.In Peru, November 1 is celebrated nationally, but in Cuzco its known as Da de todos los Santos Vivos, or Day of the Living Saints and celebrated with food, particularly the famed suckling pig and tamales. November 2 is considered the Da de los Santos Difuntosor Day of the Deceased Saints and is honored with visits to cemeteries.Wherever you are in Latin America on the first and second of November, enjoy the local holidaysVirgen de CopacabanaA religios festival for the virgin of the snow. Mass, folkloric dancing and processions. 5th 6th Virgen de Copacabana Copacabana (La Paz).Celebration for the Virgin of Copacabana on the shores of Lake Tit icaca. Dancing, processions, folkloric displays.Virgen de Urcupia or Virgen de UrqupiaFestival in Quillacollo (Cochabamba). One of the most important religious festivals in Cochabamba. It is a colorful religious festival with a large mass, folkloric dancing, processions, typical food and the sale of miniature handicrafts.ChutillosThe Chutillos festival in Potosi is definitely worth it. Especially the first day with the trusty dances and costumes is marvelous.Virgen de GuadalupeFestivals celebrated in Viacha (La Paz), Sucre (Chuquisaca) and Valle Grande (Santa Cruz), but by far in Sucre is the biggest.A religious festival in honor of the Virgin of Guadalupe. Folkloric dances, bull fights, music, dancing and typical food and drink.San RoqueFestival in Tarija, (Although the fiesta day of San Roque is officially on the 16th of August). An 8-day long celebration for the patron saint of dogs, San Roque. curious costumes, processions, music and dancing. The biggest party and typical of th e Tarija region with its unique music style. all(prenominal) year on January 24 a large marketplace in La Paz, Bolivia, is full of merchants who traditionally call out, Alasitas, an Aymara word meaning buy from me, to potential buyers of their miniature wares. Shoppers can find tiny replicas of just about every kind of object-cars, houses, foods, furniture, clothes, tools, household goods, and, especially, money-and seek those which represent items they would like to have in the coming year. After purchasing the miniature object of ones desire, the next step is to take it to church to have it blessed.Presiding over all this downsized duty is Ekeko, an Aymara god of material wealth, fertility, and good luck. Ekeko is represented as a stout little man who wears a backpack full of goods and whose arms are stretched out, as if in an attitude of acquisition. Many people keep ceramic figures of Ekeko in their homes for good luck.MaldivesThe Maldives will hold a Hay festival starting Oc tober 14 with the intention of celebrating ideas, conversations and fun.The festival will bring unneurotic international and local experts in literature, art, science, drama, music and poetry, according to a contention from the Presidents Office.Maldivian writers including Ogaru Ibrahim Waheed and Fathmath Nahula will join historian and biographer Jung Chang ( reason of Wild Swans and Mao), novelist Ian McEwan (author of Atonement) and environmental campaigners Montagu Don, Tim Smit, Mark Lynas and Chris Gorell-Barnes.Mauritian-born, electronic concretion artist Ravin will perform and local bands will embroil Fasy Live. Lectures will also be delivered online by prominent artists, scientists and historians.The Maldives has been a multi-party state for only two years and this new freedom has opened up a host of new opportunities both culturally and politically, the statement said.Some events will be held on the Presidential Retreat on Aarah, allowing rarefied public access to the island.The Hay Festival began in the Welsh book town of Hay-on-Wye in Brecon Beacons National Park in the UK, and has fostered the exchange of ideas for more than twenty years.Hay Festival Maldives will commission a series of lectures to be delivered online by prominent artists, scientists and historians. These will debate environments that are set about transformation over the next one hundred years and what this means for the people living there.Speakers include historian and biographer Jung Chang, author of Wild Swans and Mao, the novelist Ian McEwan, author of Atonement, and environmental writers and campaigners Montagu Don, Mark Lynas and Tim Smit. They will appear alongside Maldivian writers including Ogaru Ibrahim Waheed and Fathmath Nahula. Mauritian-born, electronic fusion artist Ravin provides musical enchantment, and local bands performing include Fasy Live.As well as the live events, Hay Festival Maldives

History Of Taj Hotel Tourism Essay

accounting Of Taj Hotel Tourism EssayThe social club was incorporated in 1902 and it opened its first-year hotel, The Taj Mahal Palace Tower, Mumbai, in 1903. The troupe then undertook study expansion of The Taj Mahal Palace Tower, Mumbai by constructing an adjacent tower block and plus the number of suite from 225 to 565 suite. From the 1970s to the present day, the Taj theme has chanceed an consequential role in launching several of Indias bring up tourist destinations, working(a) in close association with the Indian G overnment. The Taj conference has a doctrine of portion excellence which entails providing consistently high levels of personalized run and red-brickistic means of improving serving quality.The Taj Group has been active in converting reason royal palaces in India into world class luxury hotels such as the Taj Lake Palace in Udaipur, the Rambagh Palace in Jaipur and Umaid Bhawan Palace in Jodhpur.In 1974, the Taj Group opened Indias first interna tional five star heroic b each(prenominal) resort, the Fort Aguada Beach recede in Goa.In 1980, the Taj Group took its first step internationally by opening its first hotel immaterial IndiaIn 1984, the Taj Group acquired under a license agreement each of The Taj West annihilate, Bangalore.During the 1990s, the Taj Group continued to expand its geographic and trade insurance coverage in India.In 2000, the launch of the 56 acre Taj Exotica, Goa and the Taj Hari Mahal in Jodhpur were completed.In 2003, the fraternity celebrated the centenary of the opening of its Flagship hotel, the Taj Mahal Palace Tower, Mumbai.In 2005 the Company acquired on lease The Pierre, a renowned hotel in New York City, to pull in the luxury stop of the developed hotel markets internationally.Introduction Of Taj HotelThe Indian Hotels Company Limited (IHCL) and its subsidiaries be collectively known as Taj Hotels Resorts and Palaces and is recognised as one of Asias largest and finest hotel fellow ship. Incorporated by the undercoater of the Tata Group, Mr. Jam moldji N. Tata, the company opened its first property, The Taj Mahal Palace Hotel, Bombay in 1903. The Taj, a symbol of Indian hospitality, completed its centenary year in 2003.Taj Hotels Resort and Palaces comprises to a greater extent than 60 hotels in 45 locations across India with an giveitional 15 international hotels in the Malaysia, join Kingdom, United States of America, Bhutan, Sri Lanka, Africa, the Middle East and Australia. holiday resortnning the length and breadth of the country, gracing master(prenominal) industrial towns and cities, beaches, hill stations, historical and pilgrim centres and wild bearing destinations, each Taj hotel chaps the luxury of service, the apogee of Indian hospitality, vantage locations, new-fangled amenities and pipeline facilities.Service Segmentation By Taj HotelIHCL operate in the luxury, premium, mid-market and esteem segments of the market by means of the follow ingTaj (luxury full-service hotels, resorts and palaces) is our flagship spot for the worlds most spot stopping pointers seeking authentic experiences given that luxury is a way of bearing to which they be accustomed. Spanning world-renowned landmarks, modern business hotels, perfect beach resorts, authentic Rajput palaces and divulgelandish safari lodges, each Taj hotel reinterprets the customs duty of hospitality in a refreshingly modern way to create unique experiences and spiritlong memories.Taj also encompasses a unique set of iconic properties rooted in history and tradition that deliver truly unforgettable experiencesTaj Exotica is our resort and spa brand found in the most exotic and relaxing locales of the world. The properties ar defined by the privacy and intimacy they provide. The hotels atomic number 18 clearly differentiated by their carrefour philosophy and service invention. They argon centered almost high end discontinueance, intimacy and an env irons that deed overs its leaf node unrivalled comfort and privacy.Taj Safaris ar wildlife lodges that allow travelers to experience the unparalleled beauty of the Indian jungle amidst luxurious surroundings. They cite Indias first and merely wildlife luxury lodge circuit. Taj Safaris provide guests with the ultimate, interpretive, wild life experience based on a proven sustainable ecotourism model. hurrying Upscale Hotels (full-service hotels and resorts) provide a new generation of travelers a modern-day and creative hospitality experience that matches their work-hard play-hard lifestyles. Stylish interiors, innovative cuisine, hip bars, and a focus on technology set these properties apart.The Gateway Hotel ( upmarket/mid-market full service hotels and resorts) is a pan-India ne 2rk of hotels and resorts that offers business and leisure travelers a hotel intentional, keeping the modern nomad in mind. At the Gateway Hotel, we commit in keeping things simple. This is why, ou r hotels are divided into 7 simple zones- Stay, Hangout, Meet, Work, Workout, Unwind and Explore.Ginger ( miserliness hotels) is IHCLs revolutionary conception in hospitality for the value segment. Intelligently designed facilities, consistency and affordability are hallmarks of this brand targeted at travelers who value simplicity and self-service.Taj Hotels also promise a whole new experience of tranquillity and total wellness, throughJiva Spas a unique concept, which brings together the wisdom and heritage of the Asian and Indian doctrine of Wellness and Well-being. Rooted in ancient Indian healing knowledge, Jiva Spas deign inspiration and spirit from the holistic concept of living. There is a well- stiff basket of fresh and unique experiences under the Jiva Spa umbrella of offering, Yoga and Meditation, master and disseminated by accomplished practitioners, authentic Ayurveda, and unique Taj signature treatments. Royal traditions of wellness in service experiences, holistic treatments involving body therapies, enlivening and meaningful rituals and ceremonies and unique natural products blended by hand, come together to offer a truly calming experience.Taj Air, a luxury private jet carrying out with state-of-the-art Falcon 2000 aircrafts designed by Dassault Aviation, France and Taj Yachts, two 3-bedroom luxury yachts which merchantman be used by guests in Mumbai and Kochi, in Kerala.Taj Sats Air provide Ltd., the largest airline catering service in South Asia, as a joint venture with Singapore Airport Terminal Services, a subsidiary of Singapore Airlines.CORPORATE SUSTAINABILITY AND SOCIAL RESPONSBILITYAs a part of Tatas Indias chancellor business house we at Taj Hotels, hold in always believed in corporation and milieu being integral s dole outholders in our business along with our shareholders, nodes, vendors and others.We recruit corporate citizenship through our strategic public-private partnerships which encourage building livelihoods of slight-advantaged youth and women. The causes we boost include reducing malnutrition, promoting indigenous artisans and craftsmen and enhancing employability of identified target groups by communion our core competencies as a starring(p) hospitality company. We encourage cooking and development of differently able youth.We at Taj have the unique scope and prospect to develop raw potential into a skilled men that is immediately employable by various players in the industry. A absolute majority of our community projects are focused around extending our profound strengths in food production, kitchen trouble, housekeeping, customer service and spas to promote economic em index fingerment of candidates from vulnerable socio-economic backgrounds. We are fully sendted to the cause of building a sustainable environment by reducing the match of our daily operations on the environment and improving operational efficiencies, resource conservation, reuse and recycling of key reso urces. visual senseThe Taj Group of Hotels commits itself to the overall improvement of the ecological environment, which we are all a part of. We sleep together that we are not owners entirely guardtakers of the Planet and owe it to our children and future generations of humankind. It is our endeavour not merely to con resolve and protect but also to renew and regenerate the environment in which we live and operate.Our consignment encompasses all actions connect to our products, services, associates, partners, vendors and communities.We volition partner and engage with our environment through nation Environmental knowingness and Renewal at Taj Hotels. For us EARTH is not a program, nor a process it is a way of life.EARTH( Enviornment Activities)In an endeavour to reinstate its vision and efforts to boost sustainable tourism, Taj Hotels Resorts and Palaces presented EARTH (Environment Awareness Renewal at Taj Hotels) this year. Implementing schemes such as the Gangroti Glac ier Clean-Up Expedition, as well as designated Earth rooms, which minimise environmental impact, Taj is one of Asias largest group of hotels to commit to power conservation and environmental management. EARTH has received certification from Green Globe, the but worldwide environmental certification program for travel and tourism.The Taj began a carbon ago with a single landmark The Taj Mahal Palace Hotel, Mumbai. Today, the various Taj hotels, in all their variety and historical richness, are recognised internationally as the symbols of true Indian hospitality. The Companys history is integral to Indias emergence into the global business and leisure travel community and looking to the future, Taj Hotels Resorts and Palaces is well positioned to assume the increase in travel activity with the rapid expansion of the Indian economy.Taj Hotels has get together the internationally-recognised Green Globe benchmarking and certification system as an extension of its living environmen tal policies. Taj Hotels has long recognised that as a leader it has an important contribution to make and a responsibility to demonstrate to others how they can be part of the fight against climate change. incarnate GovernanceTaj has been practicing good Corporate Governance even before Securities Exchange Board of India (SEBI) do it a mandatory requirement from 2001.Out of more than than 5000 companies listed with the Bombay Stock Exchange the Company is categorized as an A Group Company which group comprises only 200 companies and the criteria for selection is based on Market Capitalisation, Liquidity, Industry Representation, Listed History and track record of Compliance.Being a TATA group Company, the Company goes beyond the mandatory requirements of Corporate Governance and conducts business in a reliable and transparent manner. It avows good adornor relationships and endeavors to deliver to investor consistent quality services. customer facilitiesTaj Hotel Exotica Resort Spa Maldives, is an exclusive, private and romantic island resort lush with tropical plants and encircled by clear blue waters of one of the largest lagoons of the Maldives. Taj Hotel Exotica Resort Spa Maldives spreads idyllically along a pristine beach and the serene lagoon. The award-winning resort, now re-launched, seamlessly extends the magic of the islands blessed natural beauty in its design even as it offers the finest contemporary luxuries and services.Taj Hotel Exotica Resort Spa Maldives offers 59 cortege and 3 Suites. All the rooms are completely refurbished and redesigned. 90% of the accommodation is built over water and 10% is on the beach front. The rooms offer infinite views of the Indian Ocean. Taj Spa, an authentic Indian spa, offers a vomit of signature wellness experiences. A choice of gourmet cuisine, water sports, and pastime make for a complete and exclusive destination.Room FacilitiesAir knowingSatellite TelevisionInternational Direct Dial Telephone c landestine BathroomHairdryersMini BarSafe Deposit Box24 Hour Room ServiceCoffee/Tea Making Fac spirited Speed Internet AccessCoffee/Tea Making FacilitiesHotel Facilities locomote DeskDoctor On CallLaundry ServiceConcierge DeskLuggage memory board24 Hour Front DeskPostal/Parcel Service capital Exchange CounterBaby Sitting Service(On Request)Airport Shuttle Service(On Request) eat Entertainment24 DegressEquator BarIn Villa DiningThe Deep EndSports LeisureSpaWater SportsFitness CentreBilliards/Snooker Tables merging Facilities backup CentreSWOT AnalysisStrengths-The group has enormous power and strengths, which ma kes it the exceed and competitive, some of them areIt consists of 57 properties in 40 locations across India and 18 international hotels.Its stylish variety of hotels like Taj exotica, Taj safari, The entre hotels, Ginger hotels, Jivas spa etc.Its effective and efficient management techniques and staff.Its brand make out.The charge of Taj Hotels, Resorts and Palaces in various countries like United Kingdom, France, Germany, Italy, Dubai, Singapore, Australia, Japan, Russia and the United States of America.Securing management contracts at Palm Island, Jumeirah in Dubai,Saraya Islands in Ras Al Khaimah, Aldar Group in Abu Dhabi, UAE Langkawi in Malaysia and Thimpu in Bhutan.The various initiatives taken like rollout of CustomerFeedback System, Tata Business purity Model, IT initiatives, Ginger hotels etc.WeaknessTaj hotels being such a big brand, has a lot of advantages but every big company faces some odds and so does Taj. Some of its weaknessIts hard to maintain such a huge drawing string of subsidiaries and there are more chances of mishaps in management.Its huge competitors like Oberoi, Leela, Oriental, ITC etc are also providing same facilities and gum olibanum it becomes a weakness for Taj hotels.Its very costly for the Indians to afford the tariffs and service charges set by Taj hotels. Thus, they loose a major part of their market share. They subscribe to a lot of investment.As Taj hotels is a popular group, it is always in the eyes of the terrorists, as taj has already faced such an incident. Therefore, it proves to be a weakness some times, to be so popular.OpportunitiesThe Group is poised strategically to take advantage of the following situationIn the backdrop of a healthy economy having its positive fallouts on the TourismSector leading to rapid ontogenesis in markets in India, South Asia and key introduction citiesin source-market destinations.Rapid expansion in both International and domestic help destinations, with top-of-the-line Luxury, Leisure and Business properties.Meeting growing charter in the cypher and mid-market segments.Extending the product portfolio into related offerings viz. luxury residences, wildlifelodges and health spas.ThreatsThe threats identified by the Group are related mainly to the markets in which the Groupoperates and oecumenical factors related to the tourism industry. Sign ificant among these areCheaper international airfares, increasing affordability of travel to Internationaldestinations, especially South East Asia, Europe and Australia.Growing presence of international hospitality chains competing in the Luxury andBusiness segments, to meet excess demand situation.Appreciating Indian Rupee vis--vis the US Dollar, resulting in turn down realisation onforeign exchange earnings.Slowdown of international demand resulting in reduction of revenues.Future StrategiesUrban Sanctuaries Luxury Weekends from the TajCity EscapesIsland Escapes restore with JivaChristmas and New Year breaksSome more developments in progress areTAJ opens its 5th hotel in BangaloreTaj Coromandel presents ANISENo Room for the Ordinary advertise campaignTaj Residency Bangalore unveils Jiva SpaHeritage Nature Walk At The Taj West End, BangaloreBhairo,The Stunning New Rooftop Restaurant At Taj Lake Palace,UdaipurIntoxicating Bhutanese Bath At Taj Tashi, Thimphu, BhutanTwo More Taj Safari Lodges Will indeterminate In 2009Taj ValuesPEOPLE DIVERSITY, INTEGRITY RESPECTPASSION FOR truthEXCEED EXPECTATIONSINNOVATIONSENSE OF URGENCY ACCOUNTABILITYSOCIAL tariffJOY AT WORK concourse are our greatest plus and the key to our success.We respect diversity of people, ideas, cultures and honor the value of individuals in a team.We believe in perfection to achieve excellence.We continuously improve processes to chastise global benchmarks.We succeed by exceeding expectations of all stakeholders and protecting the chase of our shareholders and playing by the rules.We encourage innovation, embrace change and support growth through knowledge and learning.We accept responsibility and deliver on promises with a sense of urgency and agility.We commit to improve the quality of life of the communities we serve and our concern for the environment by returning to society what we earnWe recognize and respect each other in all interactions and set the type for our guests, business associates and colleagues.We encourage a fair environment that supports equal opportunity to attract, develop and retain the best talent and endeavor to have delight too.Taj PromisesAt the Taj Group, our commitment to service excellence is rooted in our two guiding principles called the quaternion Steps of Service and the Taj People Philosophy. One of our key priorities is to empower our people to deliver on our legacy of impeccable service.Four Steps of Service1. A warm and sincere welcome. Use the guest hold, whenever possible.2. Fulfill guest needs and provide anticipatory service.3. Defect wanton products and services.4. Fond farewell using the guest name, whenever possible.Taj People PhilosophyThe Taj People Philosophy displays our commitment to and belief in our people. We see Talent management as the most important sustainable competitive advantage in the future.You are an important member of the Taj family.We endeavor to select, retain and compensate the best talent i n the industry.We reward and recognize quality customer care based upon individual and team performance.We commit to providing you with opportunities for continuous learning and development.We dwell by fair and just policies that ensure your well-being and that of your family, the community and the environment.We commit to regular and formal channels of communication, which nurture openness and transparency.We strongly believe that you are the Taj.Key InitiativesGinger HotelsIHCL is in the process of rolling out its Smart Basics hotels, under the brand name Ginger. The first range has been launched in June 2004 in Bangalore, with roll out being planned in a number of cities and towns subsequently. These hotels ordain cater to the economy or value for moneysegment and being pre supremely domestic clientele based, are far less prone to fluctuations than the luxury and upscale segments. In the long run, thissegment impart help in derisking the current revenue stream of the company. Brand computer architectureIHCL is in the process of clearly defining the product and service bills in order to have consistency across properties under each brand. This will help in further enhancing the brand value of Taj.Product UpgradationIHCL continues to invest in renovation and relaunch of key / brand defining properties. In the last financial year IHCL upgraded rooms at the Taj Mahal Palace Tower, Mumbai and Taj West End, Bangalore The entrance hall and public areas of Taj Lake Palace, Udaipur and Rambagh Palace, Jaipur were also renovated to provide a luxurious sense of arrival. The sea Lounge and Harbour Bar at Taj Mahal Palace Tower, Mumbai was relaunched, while a new Vietnamese restaurant Blue Ginger was opened in Taj West End, Bangalore The renovated products and the new outlets were very well received in the market. The renovated rooms at Taj Mahal Palace Tower, Mumbai and Taj West End, Bangalore have emerged as the price leading in the respective cities. In the coming year IHCL intends to open a number of FB outlets by celebrity Chefs with international cuisine. In the upscale segment, the properties are being relaunched to be at par with international level upscale hotels. The rooms at Taj President, Mumbai, Taj Residency, Bangalore, Jai Mahal Palace, Jaipur and Taj Holiday Village, Goa are being renovated and relaunched.Service ExcellenceIn the last few years IHCL has undertaken a number of stairs to significantly enhance service levels to be in line with the best in class. IHCL has constantly benchmarked itself with the key international luxury chains and strived to arise the bar. IHCLs service excellence philosophy, has at its core, delivery through our people, processes and culture.IHCL has taken a number of steps to provide passing personalized service to the knowing customer, including butler services in its luxury properties. In order to take care of the entire stay experience, IHCL has also completely revamped its Concierge se rvices. The Centers of Excellence have been strengthened considerably to train staff to meet the exacting standards of a truly luxury hotel. Tata Business Excellence Model (TBEM) will play a significant role in raising the bar of service provided. The TBEM has been rolled out in all the three hotel divisions and will be rolled out to the international properties also.Tata Business Excellence Model (TBEM)In order to intensify the drive for Business Excellence, IHCL conducted Internal Assessments based on the Tata Business Excellence Model for Luxury, Leisure, Business SBUs as well as for Taj SATS Air Catering Limited. The Luxury Division has also applied for away Assessment, which is to be facilitated by Tata Quality Management Services. Based on the outer Assessment (2003) feedback report and the feedback from the Internal Assessment, action plans to improve processes which finally impact the overall organizational effectiveness, have been drawn out and worked upon. Some of the ke y initiatives deployed across key hotels of the Taj group in the year 2003-04 areRollout of the Customer Feedback SystemThe CFS was launched in November 2003 and has taken root in 30 hotels across Taj group. It is the primary and sole customer feedback system of the group. Till date, the system has clocked around 12,000 pieces of customer feedback. The feedback from all sources gets recorded and aggregated and analyzed to improve the service quality in areas of concern at each of the hotels. Feedback is not restrict to only guest difficulties (complaints) but also consists of compliments and suggestions. The feedback would ultimately be used for product planning as well.IT initiativesFrom a situation in 1999 where there was limited IT application, Taj group has today achieved domestic leadership in deploying IT to leverage its competencies and is rapidly approaching benchmarks set by international highly regarded chains. The first three phases of implementation of the IT strategy i ncluded putting in place the physical infrastructure across the Taj Group and getting customer relationship applications to ride on this physical infrastructure, with a view to enhancing customer services through customer information and recognition systems and better gillyflower management. Some of the key IT initiatives being under taken by IHCL are Orion, a comprehensive back office system, implementing Revenue Management system, synergistic TV Systems and National Call Center.CompetitionA Tata company shall fully strive for the establishment and support of a competitive, open market economy in India and abroad, and shall cooperate in efforts to promote the progressive and judicious liberalisation of trade and investment by a country. Specifically, a Tata company shall not engage in activities that generate or support the formation of monopolies, dominant market positions, cartels and similar unfair trade practices. A Tata company shall market its products and services on its o wn merits and shall not make unfair and lead astray statements closely competitors products and services. Any collection of competitive information shall be made only in the normal course of business and shall be obtained only through legally permitted sources and means.Direct Competitors1. Oberoi Hotels2. Oriental Hotels3. ITC Welcomgroup4. Hotel Leela etc.Potential set market The upper class of the society is targeted. i.e. the richer people in the society. Their fares or tariffs are high as the luxuries provided by them are also standard and 5-star. Thus, this is in context to the Indian branches of Taj Hotels.STRATEGYTaj group has used the Taj name for all its operations to leverage the brand equity commanded by the name Taj.Taj brand is playing an increasing role of driving revenuesTaj group plans to add around 12 Hotels in the next 3 years .Taj facilitates the expansion to other segment by endorsing the sub-brands with their parents brand names.MARKETING STRATEGYA higher e mphasis was placed on the business segment as the profits are higher (this market being less price-sensitive) as compared to the luxury segment.There was a proliferation of the Taj Presidency hotels not only in new cities, but also smaller towns.The action plan is more opportunities, adding to and complementing the brand.INNOVATIVE MARKETING SERVICESSTAY A BIT LONGER- If a customer book 2 nights or 3 with Taj hotels, then they storm to customer with a complimentary nights stay at select hotels. archaeozoic BIRD OFFER- Say at any of Taj properties ranging from modern business hotels to idyllic beach resorts to authentic Rajput palaces, 10 days in advance and usefulness the Early Bird Rate to enjoy savings of 20% over our Best Available Rate (BAR).SUITE SURPRISES Book between 1-4 nights in Taj Suites and enjoy a free nights stay. Luxury at the Taj isnt only about indulgences, but advantages. Book 1, 2, 3 or 4 nights in our dread Suites, featuring impeccable interiors and classic s tyle, and enjoy a complimentary nights stay.TAJ SAFARIS are wildlife lodges that allow travelers to experience the unparalleled beauty of the Indian jungle amidst luxurious surroundings. They offer Indias first and only wildlife luxury lodge circuit. Taj Safaris provide guests with the ultimate, interpretive, wild life experience based on a proven sustainable ecotourism model.TAJ AIR, a luxury private jet operation with state-of-the-art Falcon 2000 aircrafts designed by Dassault Aviation, France and Taj Yachts, two 3-bedroom luxury yachts which can be used by guests in Mumbai and Kochi, in Kerala.BUSINESS EDGE At the Taj, business is not just unconventional, but valuable. Alongside the quintessential fusion of business and pleasure, you will also enjoy unbelievable savings and benefits on our traditional hospitality and exceptional service that are sure to leave you pleasantly surprised.breakfast for two (single/double same rate)Hotel Credit of Rs 2000/- per stay against FB, laundr y, or spa (where spa services are available)KEY SUCCESS FACTORSTechnology related-Used of advance technology in hotel premises.Manufacturing- related High utilization of fixed assets. Quality control know-how. Serving customer according to their specification.Distribution-related Presence of hotel chain at various places. A strong network.Marketing related extensiveness of product line and product selection. Personalized customer services. A long-familiar and well-respected brand name.

Transformational, Transactional and Laissez faire Leadership

Transformational, Transactional and Laissez faire leadingHealthcare disposals straightaway are facing many complex issues that affect theirs success similar providing best wellness care at bottom afford sufficient cost and round retention. Lack of chisel satisfaction among nurses and affix the rate of staff absenteeism and turnover, go out other critical issues that pitch great impact on the system of rules continuation. Those challenges need well prepared go bader who adopt an potent lead ardor to mange and over come them. Leadership zeal affects the development and employees freight (Spinelli, 2006).Many scientists and researchers are interested nowadays in lead and circumspection field. Leadership define as the process of motivating people to pull in together collaboratively to accomplish great things or the capacity to stoop others. impressive loss leader help to increase the followers commitment and interest in the organization goals Different lead the ories and styles were analyzeed to workplace their in force(p)ness. Early studies and researches in lead was based on belief that the leader should have or born with specific general personal trait and he the ones who chiefly set the rules and the responsibilities and the follower accomplish them. But with the time, the value of the collaboration and teamwork increase especially in the health care setting different which lead to contemporary theories to evolve. Contemporary theories consider that effective leadership is a definite skills that can be taught, trained or adopted by the leader. In this paper we pass on compare between three contemporary leadership theories The transformational, transactional and the capitalistic leadership what they mean and which one is to a greater extent effective (Vroom Jago, 2007).Transactional Leadership behaviorBurns (1979) developed the transformational and transactional leadership theories and later Bass (1985) employ them to stud y their effectiveness in the organizations (Spinelli, 2006).Transactional leadership is an exchange process that identifies unavoidably of employees and provides rewards to take in those needs in return for expected arrangeance. A transactional leadership style consider as replacement of the autocratic leadership because twain of them generate a train of predictability and order. The transactional leadership is to a greater extent than practical in nature because of its emphasis on watching specific targets or objectives and center more on daily basis task. Subordinates of transactional leaders are non expected to be creatively because they are monitored and evaluated on the basis of regulate criteria (Aarons, 2006).Burns (1978) believed that transactional leadership is based on bureaucratic authority. Transactional leaders commission on work standards, assignments and task-oriented goals. In addition, he believed that transactional leaders tend to topical anaestheticiz e on task completion and employee compliance. Those leaders influence employee performance by using the organizational rewards and punishments. The transactional leader described also, as an agent of change and goal setter a leader that works well with employees resulting in improvements in productivity (Emery, College, Barker, Fredonia, 2007).Bass and Avolio (1987) transactional leadership can be separate to thither manakin passive, active and contingent. Passive transactional leadership or management-by censure (MBE) means that status will remain as its unless things go wrong, in this case leader practicing passive management-by-exception will take actions that often have a negative implication. active transactional leadership involves an interaction between leader and follower that stress more on a more overbearing exchange for example, providing appropriate rewards when followers meet objectives. Through that the leader will emphasizes on acceptable accomplishments and incr ease the followers motivation. in the end contingent style is w here the leader foc utilize on clarifying the rules and requirements for the followers and then rewards them payable to fulfilling the obligations (Murphy, 2005).Transformational Leadership StyleThe transformational leadership theory is a cooperative, process-foc employ networking where the leader inspires his followers to create, inspire and influences changes in them. Leader of this style act as routine model for his followers, attend their needs and involve them in the decision fashioning process. The main point in this theory is to encourage the followers to perform to their full capacity and meet the expectations. Transformational Leader need to have a base of transaction qualities to establish his style successfully. Transformational leadership is not a substitute for transactional leadership, but it develops and enhances it (Tomey, 2004).The transformational and transactional leadership consisting of seven d imensions.(Bass, 1985 Avolio, Bass Jung, 1999) developed an tool that include all those seven dimensions and used to measure the components of transactional, transformational leadership and laissez-faire leadership styles. This musical instrument, called the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (Gumusluoglu, Ilsev, 2009).Transformational leadership is measured by four dimensions idealise influence, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation and individualized consideration. In Idealized influence the leader does the right thing, take risks and act as role model for his followers which make him trusted and seeed from his followers. . Inspirationally motivating leaders has high expectations and they are trying to inspire and motive their followers by changing their thoughts to achieve their leaders visions and expectations. Intellectual stimulation involves providing a demonstrative of(predicate) environment in the work which will encourage the employees to be more crea tive, accepting challenging tasks and involve in decisions making process. Finally, an individually unselfish leader treats each employee as a unique person with respect to their differences, spends time coaching employees and appreciate their achievements with continues feed backing. (Arnold, Turner, Barling, Kelloway, McKee, (2007).Laissez-Faire Leadership StyleLaissez-Faire leadership can be described as a nondirective, passive and inactive style. Leaders of this style believe that internal drives and believes motivate the follower to act .The leader in this style sets few rules for impact the issues in the organization and then dooms them to the auxiliarys. The leader needs to know really well the level of knowledge, competence and integrity of his followers to be able to delegate the tasks. This style helps the follower to invest their talents and abilities to the maximum. Its more effective if used with very mature and autonomous employees, but mostly it not effective or productive style. The risks here arise when the leader mistaken in choosing the suitable employee to accomplished the delegated tasks. Lack of clear vision and direction for the organization lead the followers to adopt different goals and objective, increase the stress level among the followers and decrease the productivity and the quality. Laissez-Faire leader do not influence the organization culture due to minimal interactions between him and his followers. Finally Laissez-Faire leadership style mainly can be used in small business not for big organizations like health organizations (Daly, Speedy Jackson, 2004).The Effectiveness of Transformational, Transactionaland Laissez-Faire LeadershipMany researches and studies done to test the effectiveness and the consequences of adopting different leadership styles on the employee and the organization itself. For example, a study done in 2008 include of 447 staff working in a care center for the elderly in large Danish local government. This study used a longitudinal survey design and questionnaires. Transformational researchers here were testing three hypotheses one of them is the direct tattleship between leadership and wellbeing in the followers. The study shown that the there is a strong tattle between using the leader the transformational leadership style in dealings with his employees and their well being and decreasing their level of the work stress (Gumusluoglu et al., 2009). some other study done by Berson and Linton in 2005 conclude that the leader who follows the transformational leadership style in dealing with his employees will help them to be more creative and enthusiastic, increase their commitment in the jobIn 2006, a research done that involve footslogger managers from five hospitals in northeasterly Pennsylvania.101 surveys were been distributed in five hospitals in northeastern Pennsylvania .The survey instrument used was the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ) that developed by Ber nard Bass and Bruce Avolio (1997). The scientists want here to test the relation between the transformational, transactional and laissez-faire leadership styles of healthcare CEOs and their subordinate managers satisfaction with them, their willingness to exert extra effort, and perception of their leaders effectiveness. The study shown that the more CEOs followed the laissez-faire style in dealing with their subordinate managers, the lesser subordinate managers reported exerting extra effort and expressed satisfaction with the leader, and disbelieved in the readiness of their leader (Spinelli, 2006).Employee job satisfaction is often consisting of the following elements the job itself, supervisory program relationship, management beliefs, future opport social unity, work environment, pay/benefits/rewards, and co-worker relationships. According to Morriss research, employee job satisfaction is a critical factor in the satisfaction of the customers. In a study of customer satisfacti on at a study Midwestern hospital, the correlation between the nurses jobsatisfaction and the patients willingness to recommend the unit was .85, in the same study the nurses them self shown more satisfaction if their straits managers developed transformational behaviors (Emery et al., 2007).Many studies encourage health care mangers to use some(prenominal) the transformational and the transactional leadership skills in their setting. Aarons (2006) did a study include 303 mental health providers working in 49 mental health programs for youths in atomic number 20 where involved in a study aim to examine the relation between leadership and mental health providers attitudes toward adopting evidence-based formula. The study shown that both transformational and transactional leadership were positively associated with providers having more positive attitudes toward adoption of evidence-based practice, but in transformational leadership the employees found no difference between their current practice and evidence-based practice which may affect the application of the new practices in the organization. The researchers recommend in this study that the mental health service organizations may benefit from up transformational and transactional leadership skills in preparation for implementing evidence-based practices. McGuire and Kennerly (2006) mentioned that the leader needs to have a balance between transformational and transactional skills in his management, create effective plan that meet his employees needs.ConclusionEffective leadership styles and theories has been thoroughly studied and tested by scientists due its importance in the success of the organization. Leader in transactional style focused on tasks and reward the employee and recognize them if they meet the agreed objectives. Transformational leader act as role model for his followers inspires and motivate them and meet their needs. Laissez-faire leader provide no visions or directions for his follow ers, tend to delegate the tasks and avoid decision making. Many studies support the transformational style because its provide corroboratory environment where the employee work creatively, show commitment and meet the expected requirements. some studies encourage leaders to make combination between the three styles in their management, because different situation need the style. Transformational and Laissez-faire styles are more profitable in encouraging the employees to work independently and creativity. Transactional style is more effective when the leader want to set new practices and need to implement them within specific time.

Development of Tools for Learning in a Science Museum

Development of Tools for reading in a knowledge MuseumIntroductionScience museums and acquaintance centres be informal light institutions which atomic number 18 the effective channels that grow been employ as the tools to communicate perception and technology to the public. These informal educational institutes stomach various positive impact such as the memorable scholarship experiences influence to attitude and behaviour, the increasing of visitors friendship and agreement of acquaintance, the personal and favorable inspirations which cannister enhance inter-generation larn, and the impact on encourage trust and catch betwixt the public and the scientific community (ECSITE 2009). Museums became the places for everyone including families, the American Association of Museum inform that in the US the majority congregation visited the museum in 2006 was the family group (Borun 2008). P atomic number 18nts usually bring their children to museums for many reasons, apprizeing something new, relaxation, and entertainment (Laetsch et al. 1980 Wolins 1989 Falk Dierking 1992b Falk Dierking 2000)thither are big literatures of investigatees which study about family visitor larn in Museum and informal aspect institutes in the Western culture. Many research attempt to understand the affable behaviour and improve the skill experiences for the family visitors by investigated visitors attention and participation (KORAN et al. 1988 Judy rhombus 1986 McManus 1987 Falk 1991). For example, the research on the influence of children on the viewing behaviour of family groups by Judy Diamond in 1979 in Falk and Dierking, 1992 indicated that families tend to understand collection by trial and error and discussing among the group without reading financial statements. Children likely to interact with exhibition more than their put forwards who tend to learn by looking for the information (Sherman Rosenfeld 1982).There are too broad perspectives of h ow plurality learning in the museums. For apprehensiveness of the museum experience Falk and Dierking, described that the physical, personal and sociocultural context are the cardinal shares which affect the learning outcome in a design circumstance in exhibition and museums gallery (Falk Dierking 1992b Falk Dierking 2000). Science Museum and Science Centre gravel a strategy in exploitation many kinds of media to communicate the scientific concepts to their visitors such as text panels, multimedia panels, interactional exhibits, hands-on exhibits, and activities. In 1997 the study and increment of family friendly exhibition by Minda Borun introduced seven concepts of the fortunate multi-ages users of interactive information exhibition in order to support the family learning in museum which are Multi-sided, Multi-user, Accessible, Multi-outcome, Multi-modal, Readable and Relevant (Borun Dritsas 1997 Borun et al. 1997 Borun 2008).In Thailand many people believe that scie nce is very difficult and feel alienate from their life. The master(prenominal) customers of the informal science institutions in Thailand are students and families (NSM year report 2005-2009). In 2005 Aphiyas research on the public interest and awareness of science and technology in Thailand found that families prefer to spend their leisure time at shopping malls rather than museums. This might be result from the difficulty of accessibility to the exhibition by family groups. Moreover, the family groups might believe that their children could gain more knowledge from a science museum when they visit the museum along with their school class. However, there are very few researches and understanding about how people learning science through the exhibition and how to enhance the family learning behaviour in science museum in Thailand.Interestingly, museums offer free-choice learning experiences and motivate visitors to interact and gain the scientific concepts by themselves, most of the exhibitions in science museums or science centres are designed for a wide range of visitors from individual to multi-ages users. However, exhibitions might not usually provide enough support to promote a parent and child to learn scientific concept from an exhibition together (Borun 2008). It is a worthwhile study to research and develop tools that could encourage the family audiences learning science through science exhibitions. This research allow conduct base on multidisciplinary areas of mixer science, science communication, and a science education framework.This study attempts to assemble body of knowledge to understand the process in exhibitions tool discipline which relates to existent knowledge about media growing, visitor interactions, and visitor behaviour. This could enhance the family users to participate, interact, and learn science from exhibits in museum gallery. The deuce-ace exhibits tools in this research consist of a label written for specific group, a n interactive counselling screen, and a delineation instruction.Text label is one of the most cardinal elements in the exhibition. Visitors usually learn from label. In the Natural History Museum and Zoo the critical element of intent and admitment is narrative, featurely from panel (Stocklwhitethorner et al. 2010). Many exhibitions use the mini text label not only provide their surfeit, barely also attracts visitors by their variety characteristics. Moreover, some research in exhibit labels indicated that the exploitation of questions in label can facilitate the visitors behaviours of learning conversation and put away them to the exhibitions. (Hohenstein Tran 2007)The engagement with the science exhibition has been recognised as very important in learning science. Science exhibits themselves, usually, attract visitors to engage with, but they may not support visitors to learn (Haywood Cairns 2006). Touch screen instruction allows visitors engage with information of the e xhibit. It might enhance families learning science from the exhibits.Miensner, 2007 applied the image introduce to observe the types of childrens behaviours in the interactive science exhibition from hexad science and discovery centres in the UK and US. She indicated that there were three main interactions between the young visitor and interactive exhibits which are imitation, performance, and story (Meisner et al. 2007). The study introduced a motion picture instruction add-on interactive science exhibits. The exposure instruction provides the information about how to play or interacts with the exhibit and also delivers the explanation about the application of the scientific concept that exhibits in the form of video and text only. This kind of novel media has been applied at Launch Pad, the interactive science exhibition at Science Museum in London. In this study, the video instruction and explanation will be invented to enhance families learning with the forethought that f amily visitors might imitate directly from video and obtain the scientific messages.This research focuses on the study and development of three types of media tailored to science exhibitions in museum galleries, which aims to facilitate families learning scientific concepts from the existing science exhibits. This could enhance their learning process during their visit informal science institutions without the necessity to transform the self-coloured structure of exhibits only for support family groups.Purposes of the studyThe purposes of the study are summarized as followsTo develop exhibitions tools base on informal learning theories that enhance families learning science in science museums.To study the effectiveness of the science exhibitions tools based on enhancing family learning science in science museums.To evaluate and contract out that how much the tools enhance family learning science from science exhibits in science museums and are there any differences in relationship s between tools and particular kinds of exhibits.Scope of the studyThis study will work toward the research questions by using two mains methodological approaches, quantitative and qualitative. The study will design, render and revise prototypes of the three tools, mini text label, VDO instruction, and touch screen label. This research will use questionnaires, interview, and observation of families action and interactions in order to tack together the empirical data.The research study will examine and develop three types of the exhibition tools, which used to convey messages from the basic science exhibits to family groups (case study on National Science Museum Thailand), based on how the tools enable learning science through Thai family groups in order to enhance family learning science in science museum. The family in this research are defined as a multi-generational visiting unit with at least one expectant over the age of 19 and one child between ages of 9 12 yearsThe subjec ts of this study are families who visit National Science Museum Thailand. The population is limited to 100 families, fifty groups for experiment and the rest for the tame groups (Borun Dritsas 1997)Research QuestionsWhich types of the tools, mini text label, VDO instruction, and touch screen label have ability to encourage and enhance family groups learning science in science museum?How these tools enable learning science for family groups?How to design the exhibits tools to encourage and enhance family learning science in science museum?Significance of the studyThis study will deepen the knowledge of science education and science communication that is applicable. The effect of this finished research study will result in the development of the distinct tools that enable family learning science and accessibility to science exhibits in science museum. The research can be used as a model not only for other science museums and science centres, but also for other kind of museums to co mmunicate their contents to multi-ages visitors effectively by using the beneficial result from this research to develop the tools which support their exhibition.The tools can enhance and encourage multi-ages groups access to the exhibits then gain more benefits from the simply goals of the exhibition. This effective informal learning will over time hopefully develop positive attitudes toward science and will create a clubhouse more attuned to the acceptance of a scientific approach.Framework of the studyThe framework of this study has evolved as a consequence of the literature review in the field of informal education in science and technology, physical and social context as a family visitor in museum, narrative, heart and soul of media in museum and Thais family perception in science education. In Figure 1 the development of the three exhibition tools is based on informal learning in science education, narrative and media interpretation. The hypothesis is that families who util ize the exhibition tools for their instruction during interact with science museum exhibitions represent the increasing of the accessibility to science exhibitions, the understanding of science contents in exhibits and a positive attitude toward science.InputFamily group (Parent-Child)Design three exhibition tools base on narrative and media meaning in science communication, physical context and social context in museumMini text labelInteractive labelVideo instructionKnowledge fieldsScience Education ( informal)Science Communication affable ScienceNarrative and media developmentQuantitativeQuestionnaireAccessibility and difficulty to exhibits contentEntertainmentScience achievementImportant of basic scienceTools usingParent-Childs awareness toward basic scienceQualitativeInterviewTracking, video trackingOut putScience achievement (Familys learning science)Family better understanding of basic scienceFIGURE 1 FARMWORK OF THE STUDY

Rosa Parks :: essays research papers

genus Rosa poseRosa put is an extraordinary person because she stood up against racism andstood up for herself. It was even harder for her because she is a woman, and inthose days, things were a good deal harder for woman. Rosa Parks hated the ways of herlife. She had always dreamed of having freedom in her life. As she grew up, shewent finished different experiences that gave her courage and strength.One day, Rosa Parks had so much courage and strength that when her bus arrivedto pick her up, she got on the bus, put her bullion in the s slew, and sat in thefront of the bus. Black people were divinatory to sit in the back. The bus stickrtold her to move to the back, but she unsloped sat there and refused to move. Thedriver c exclusively in alled the police force and they arrested Rosa Parks. The next day, RaymondParks went to pick up Rosa from jail. When they got home, Rosa spoke about her succession in jail. She had stood up to get a drink of water and the fend for told herthe drinking fountain was only for ovalbumin people. This made her furious.On declination 5, 1955 Rosa Parks, Martin Luther King, Jr. and JoAnn Robinsonlooked out of their windows, and stood on street corners watching all of theyellow buses drive by. There were hardly any black movers since Rosa Parksarrest. It was a miracle. People stopped riding the buses all because of RosaParks.Soon, the police were informed of the people standing on the street cornerswatching the buses drive by. The police watched the streets to make sure thatthe black people were not b differenting the other bus riders. They tried guardingthe bus stops. The police failed and the boycott was a success. A few monthslater, Rosa Parks once again started to climb aboard a bus. She stopped when shenoticed a sign that read, "People dont ride the bus today. Dont ride the busfor freedom."Finally the rules for riding the buses were changed. 1. Black and white peoplecould sit wherever they wanted to sit. 2. Bus drivers were to respect all riders.3. Black people were now allowed to apply for driver positions.A lot of people wrote hate mail to Rosa Parks.

The Grapes of Wrath by John Steinbeck Essay -- farm, tractors, land own

The bright colors and nice shirts all kidnapping your attention at the store, but how did the cotton, grain, or wheat in the products pursue to be? In Steinbecks The Grapes of Wrath, mechanization brings capitalism and other unintentional consequences, leads to the decision for orbit owners of whether to run a business using avaritia or virtue, and separates the working class. Steinbeck starts The Grapes of Wrath by showing the Joad family who had just been remote from their farm. The Joads are one family of a monstrous number of families to be removed from their farms. They were raised on the land, some died on the land, and they were with approximately seven gazillion families that lived on farms in the same day (U.S. AGRICULTURAL POLICY, 10). The banks told the Farmers Association to impose the overhead of all agricultural products by employing possibly one or two men to take the place of sixteen other men. The owner of the land had the choice to both get rich an d be extremely wealthy by profiting off the loss and pain of others or to run low one who is taken advantage of and becoming hungry and poor.One of the important unintended consequences of employing one man to drive the tractor was a loss of polish off to the land. The land owners became completely separated from their land. The people who farmed in the same centering as the Joads lived for the land, and they lived because of the land. This relationship between farmer and land was destroyed ascribable to the introduction of the tractor to the land. Land owners no longer knew when they needed to give the land a break, and for this reason many pieces of land became totally dust and unfeignedly became unformidable to any type of farming. This overuse of the land led to what we know as the Dust B... ...reed which totally annihilated the working classs seize of unity. If the working class had united maybe they would not shake off been so very miserable for such a long tim e. Maybe the Dustbowl would have never happened. Works CitedArticle III. The Harvest Gypsies On the Road to the Grapes of Wrath. Charles Wollenberg, ed. Berkeley vertex Books, 1988.Article IV. The Harvest Gypsies On the Road to the Grapes of Wrath. Charles Wollenberg, ed. Berkeley Heyday Books, 1988.Harvey, John, John Crowley, and bastard Hayes. U.S. Government. Department of Agriculture. Face of Rural America. 1975.Steinbeck, John. The Grapes of Wrath. 1939. Eds. Peter Lisca with Kevin Hearle. parvenue York Viking,1997.Rasmussen, Wayne D.. The Challenge of Change. Trans. rove U.S. Agriculture in a Global Economy. 1985.U.S. AGRICULTURAL POLICY. The Reference Shelf. 38. New York 1966.